Halloween

 October 31st is Halloween. This is not a holiday, but it is a very special day for children in Canada and the United States. On Halloween, children dress up in costumes to disguise themselves. Some wear masks and others wear makeup. In the evening, they walk around their neighborhoods and go from door to door shouting “trick or treat,” “Halloween apples,” or “shell out.” Children carry bags to collect a variety of treats from their neighbors. People give out many different kinds of treats, such as candy, chocolates, gum, popcorn, etc. In the past, it was also very common to give children apples on Halloween. Children usually collect many, many treats on this evening; the treats often last for several weeks. 

 Children look forward to Halloween for a long time before the day actually arrives. They have fun deciding what special disguise they will choose for Halloween and planning their costumes. Will they be ghosts or witches, pumpkins or princesses, pirates or monsters, or perhaps a famous cartoon character or movie star this year? While some children wear store-bought costumes, many others like to help their parents with the sewing or preparation of their own special outfit. On Halloween, some children also collect money for UNICEF (United Nations International Children’s Education Fund). They carry small black and orange boxes to hold the money. It is a good idea to have change ready for these children when they come to your door. Many elementary schools hold parties and celebrations on Halloween. Children have fun bobbing for apples, carving pumpkins, and sharing scary ghost stories.


Adults sometimes celebrate Halloween, too. They have special Halloween parties and dress up in costumes. One traditional custom of Halloween is to put a jack-o’-lantern in the window. To make a jack-o’-lantern, clean out the inside of a pumpkin, carve out a face, and put a candle inside. People often decorate their homes with pictures of black cats, spiders, witches, bats, and ghosts. Because the traditional colors of Halloween are black and orange, you can see many stores filled with products in these colors. Bakeries sell cakes and cookies decorated for Halloween and grocery stores are filled with large bags of Halloween treats.

Because Halloween is such a special day for children, it is important for parents to make sure their children are safe on this day. Children should wear bright or light costumes so motorists can see them easily. If children wear masks, the eye holes must be big enough for the children to see out of clearly. Small children should not go out “trick or treating” alone. A parent or older brother or sister should accompany them. Before children eat their treats, parents should examine them carefully. Unfortunately, a cruel person might put something dangerous into the children’s bags. This, of course, does not happen very often, but it is better to be safe than sorry.

9 Tips to Keep Eyes Healthy

Do you wear glasses? Is your vision better during the day than at night? Are you afraid of losing your sight as you age increases? Many people fear that they will one day go blind.

Your eyes are an important part of your health. There are many things you can do to keep them healthy and make sure you are seeing the best.

Read these 9 Tips for Better Eye Health. Do your eyes deserve more attention?

9 TIPS TO KEEP EYES HEALTHY

1. Early Testing
Test your children’s eyes at an early age. Kids don’t need to be able to read letters. Vision tests for preschoolers use pictures. 

2. Work in Good Lighting
Good lighting while you work or read is crucial. Don’t strain your eyes to read in the dark.

3. Take Breaks
Take regular breaks when you are looking at a television, computer, or mobile device for prolonged periods of time. Don’t stare at the same screen for more than twenty minutes.

4. Choose Vision Friendly Food
Fruits and vegetables such as oranges are high in Vitamin C and are good for eye health. Leafy green vegetables, fish, whole grains, peanuts, and beans may also protect your aging eyes.

5. Wear Shades
Protect your eyes from the harsh rays of the sun throughout the year, not just in the summer. Choose shades that have UV protection. Children and babies should also wear shades.

6. Wear Goggles
If you’re playing sports in the snow, goggles are important. When the sun reflects off the snow, it causes twice the damage.

7. Blink More
If your eyes are dry, try to blink more. Some people forget to blink when they are focused on a screen.

8. Take Vitamin Supplements
If you don’t get enough vitamins from your food, take a daily multi-vitamin. Make sure to choose one with Vitamin A.

9. Have a Routine Eye Exam
Early detection is key when it comes to any health problem. Visit an optometrist once a year.

With healthy eyes you can enjoy the beauty of the world

Rafflesia Arnoldi

The vast archipelago and the great number of islands has made Indonesia the home of a large variety of plant life. The Indonesian flora ranges from the tiny orchid the giant rafflesia plant. No wonder many botanist are curious to study these plans.

The rafflesia arnoldi is the biggest flower in the world. It is unusual because of its large size. It has a flower almost a meter in diameter and 1.40 meters in height.

"Rafflesia" is derived from the name of the British Governor General Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, who once governed and built the Botanical Garden in Bogor. Though it is called Rafflesia after Raffles, the man who discovered the plant was Beccary, an Italian botanist who visited Sumatera in 1928.

Rafflesia consists of two parts: the stick-like part which grows in the middle and the petals around and below it.

The Rafflesia plant begins to flower in its tenth year. It blooms three or four times a year. Before it begins to flower, the leaves and the stem become dry and look dead, but the main root in the ground is still alive.

While the flower is blossoming, it has a very unpleasant smell which attracts insects, especially green flies. They seem eager to explore the flower. But if the flies touch the bottom part of the stick, like center, they die. 

The Rafflesia has a very unpleasant smell. Some people said it's like the smell of a dead animal. Because of that bad smell, the people in Indonesia often call it as "bunga bangkai" which means "flower of the dead" 

The Titanic

The RMS Titanic began its maiden voyage on April 10, 1912. It departed from Southampton, England with 2,224 people on board. The destination was New York City.

Some of the people on board were emigrating. Others were wealthy people on a pleasure cruise. The Titanic was nicknamed “The Ship of Dreams.”

Four days into her journey, at 11:40 p.m., the Titanic hit an iceberg. This happened in the Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland, Canada. Boaters in the area had warned Captain Smith of drifting ice, but he ignored the warnings. Like most of the passengers, the captain viewed the ship as unsinkable. When he tried to steer around the iceberg, it was too late.




The Titanic began taking on water immediately. Some passengers prepared to escape on lifeboats, but there weren’t enough rafts. Due to the “women and children first” protocol, many families were split up. The evacuation was chaotic, and lifeboats were launched half-full.

Two-and-a-half hours after hitting the iceberg, the ship split apart and sank. The water was freezing, and most who fell in died quickly of hypothermia. No ships were close enough to help with a rescue. At 4:00 a.m. on April 15th, the RMS Carpathia finally arrived. Seven hundred ten survivors were rescued.

The wreck of the Titanic has inspired many books and movies. In 1997, the blockbuster film Titanic was released. Filmmaker James Cameron conducted research by diving down to the actual wreckage. While much of the film is based on truth, the love story between Jack (Leonardo DiCaprio) and Rose (Kate Winslet) is fictional. Cameron’s Titanic was the first film to gross one billion dollars. In 2012, the film was rereleased in 3D for the 100th anniversary of the historic shipwreck.

7 Styles of Learning

Some people like to study alone in a quiet room, while others like to study together in a group. Some focus on books while others studying with music and snack. Which style of learning is better?

None is better than the others. Each of them is good if you feel comfortable and your learning progress gives you good result. Of course it depends on your personality.

Here are 7 styles of learning, followed by some tips of what to do during the learning process. Which one suits you the most?

1. VISUAL (SPATIAL)
You prefer using pictures, images, and spatial understanding.
Tips :

• Use images, pictures, colors and other visual media to help you learn.
• Use color, layout, and spatial organization in your associations, and use many 'visual words' in your assertions.
• Use mind maps.
• Replace words with pictures, and use color to highlight major and minor links.

2. AURAL (AUDITORY-MUSICAL)

You prefer using sound and music.

Tips :

• Use sound, rhyme, and music in your learning.
• Use sound recordings to provide a background and help you get visualization.
• When creating mnemonics or acrostics, make the most of rhythms and rhyme, or set them to a jingle or a part of a song.
• If you have some particular music or song that makes you want to 'take on the world', play it back and anchor your emotions and state.

3. VERBAL (LINGUISTIC)

You prefer using words, both in speech and writing.

Tips :

• Try the techniques that involve speaking and writing.
• Make the most of the word-based techniques such as assertions and scripting.
• Record your scripts using a tape digital audio recorder (such as an MP3 player), and use it later for reviews.
• When you read content aloud, make it dramatic and varied.
• Try working with others and using role-playing to learn verbal exchanges such as negotiations, sales, or radio calls.

Food Poisoning

 

 Have you been suffering from stomachache? Or is your head paining and you feel like you want to vomit? Be careful, you might have been poisoned.  

  Food poisoning can make you feel miserable for hours or days. Food poisoning is caused by ingesting food or drinks which is contaminated with bacteria. It also can be caused by dangerous chemicals in food or drinks we consume. 

SEVEN TIPS FOR AVOIDING FOOD POISONING 

1. Always wash your hands. 

The single most effective way to avoid food poisoning is to wash your hands before preparing or eating food. Whether you are the chef or guest, it is crucial that your hands are spotless.

2. Wash your produce.

Don't trust the store to remove chemicals from your fruit and vegetables. Many people handle your produce before you consume it. Surprisingly, the salad bar in a restaurant is a common source of food poisoning. 

3. Handle raw meat with care.

Make sure not to contaminate other food with uncooked meat. Wash utensils that have  come into contact with raw meat carefully.

4. Sanitize your chopping boards.

Keep separate your cutting boards from meat and veggies. Sanitize your cutting boards. Wash them with bleach and hot water or put them in dishwasher. 

5. Invest in a meat thermometer.

Different types of meat require different types of cooking temperature. Most people don't know what a turkey should be cooked to. A meat thermometer help you cook meat so that it is safe to eat.

6. Keep hot food hot and cold food cold.

Bacteria develops quickly when food is placed at room temperature. This is why buffets can be dangerous. Food that can spoil should be kept hot or cold.

7. If in doubt, throw it out.

Does the meat smell funny? Does the cheese look usual? When it comes to food, trust your instincts. And always check "best before" dates!

Did you know...

Contrary to popular belief, wooden cutting boards are safer than plastic ones. Studies show that bacteria dies faster on wood than on plastic. 

English Is A Crazy Language

Let's face it,
English is a crazy language.

There is no EGG in EGGPLANT nor HAM in HAMBURGER; neither APPLE nor PINE in PINEAPPLE.
ENGLISH MUFFINS weren't invented in ENGLAND.
QUICKSAND can work SLOWLY, BOXING RINGS are SQUARE, and a GUINEAPIG is neither from GUINEA nor is it a pig.

And why is that WRITERS WRITE but FINGERS DON'T FING, GROCERS don't GROCE and HAMMER don't HAM?
Doesn't it seem crazy that you can make AMENDS but no one AMEND?
If TEACHERS TAUGHT, why didn't PREACERS PRAUGHT? If a VEGETARIAN eats VEGEABLES, what does a HUMANITARIAN eat?

In what other language do people RECITE at a PLAY and PLAY at a RECITAL?
We SHIP BY TRUCK but SEND CARGO BY SHIP.
We have NOSES that RUN and FEET that SMELL.
We PARK in a DRIVEWAY and DRIVE in PARKWAY.
And how can a SLIM CHANCE and FAT CHANCE be the same, while WISE MAN and WISE GUY are opposites?

You have no marvel at the unique of a language in which your HOUSE can BURN UP as it BURNS DOWN, in which you FILL IN a form by FILLING IT OUT, and in which an ALARM goes OFF by going ON.
And in closing, if father is POP, how come mothers not MOP?

I wonder if The Queen knows the answers. 😊😊

Vitamins

Many people know they don’t get enough vitamins in their diet. It’s hard to get into the habit of taking a supplement. It’s also hard to know what you need! Read these 5 Signs of Vitamin Deficiency.

5 SIGNS OF VITAMIN DEFICIENCY 

Do you have any of these symptoms? Maybe it’s time to start taking a multivitamin.

1. Night Blindness: Vitamin A Deficiency

The eye uses vitamin A to change shape when entering darkness. In developed countries, vitamin A is added to many foods such as milk. This deficiency is common in developing countries.


2. Migraines: Vitamin B2 Deficiency

Vitamin B2 is called riboflavin. It increase your energy. Some migraine sufferers swear by this vitamin. They say a supplement prevents chronic headaches.


3. Anemia: Vitamin B12 Deficiency

Some people have a low red blood count due to a lack of vitamin B12. Meat, eggs, and dairy products have vitamin B12. Vegetarians sometimes suffer from anemia. It can cause pale skin and fatigue.


4. Bleeding Gums: Vitamin C Deficiency 

Vitamin C supplements can reverse gum disease. It helps repair damaged tissue. Vitamin C rich foods include oranges, strawberries, and red peppers.


5. Depression: Vitamin D deficiency
Vitamin D is the sun vitamin. Many people suffer from depression in the winter months because they do not get enough vitamin D. Supplements can reduce seasonal depression.

Did you Know? 

There are 2 main types of vitamins.

• Water Soluble:

Need water for absorption. The body uses what it needs and excretes the rest. Take regularly!

Vitamins C and B (eight types of B vitamins)

• Fat Soluble:

Need fat for absorption. The body stores some in the fat to use later. Vitamins A, D, E, K

“Friendship is like vitamins,

 we supplement each other's minimum daily requirements.”

Vegetarianism - Why choose this diet?

Do you ever wonder why some people choose not to eat meat or meat products? There are many different reasons to choose vegetarianism. Here is a list of ten of the most popular reasons why people become vegetarian.

10 REASONS WHY PEOPLE CHOOSE VEGETARIANISM

1. Religious Beliefs
Some religions have dietary restrictions. Many religious texts promote vegetarianism.

2. Personal preference
People who do not like the taste of meat may choose vegetarianism. Those who eat seafood are not true vegetarians.

3. Cost
In many countries people can’t afford to eat meat. You can save a lot of money on a vegetarian diet.

4. Environmental reasons
The space needed to raise cows and other livestock is immense. Some vegetarians argue that this space should be used for crops that could feed more people.

5. Health problems
Some people have trouble digesting meat. Red meat can be very difficult to digest. People with high cholesterol may turn to vegetarianism.

6. Animal rights
Vegetarians are often animal lovers. They disagree with the use of animals for feed and complain about how livestock are treated.

7. Contamination
Have you ever had food poisoning? Contaminated food can turn you off meat forever.

8. Peer Pressure
Many people become vegetarian in their teen years. Peer pressure may cause a boyfriend to choose vegetarianism to please his girlfriend, or vice versa.

9. Family
Some people are born into vegetarian families.

10. Weight Concerns
Vegetarians are less likely to be overweight. Fruit and vegetables have fewer calories than meat.

Did You Know...

• a vegan is a person who does not eat any animal products

• a lacto-ovo vegetarian is a person who eats dairy products and eggs but no meat

• a lacto vegetarian is a person who eats dairy products but no eggs or meat

Car Color and Road Safety

   

  Many road accidents happen at night. A major reason for this is that certain colors are not easily noticed in poor light conditions. Thus, cars painted in those colors are not easily seen by other drivers.

     One solution would be needed to overcome poor visibility due to car color and thus reduce traffic accidents related to it.

     Yellow and white are the two paint surfaces that reflect most light. For this reason, yellow is used as a background for road signs and other important signals. Moreover, yellow an white are not generally problems for the color blind.

     The problem with this solution is that people have a strong preference with regard to color. They like their cars look different. Although there maybe emotional resistance to this idea of painting all cars yellow and white, this life-saving benefit is worth trying.

Allergies

Allergy season can be any season. It depends on what you are allergic to. What if you don’t know what you are allergic to? It may be time for an allergy test.

Symptoms of allergies :

•    itchy eyes

•    watery eyes

•    dark circles under the eyes

•    shortness of breath

       •    skin rashes

       •    skin swelling

       •    digestive problems

       •    vomiting

Origami

   

  The Chinese invented paper almost 2000 years ago. Origami, the art of paper folding, is just as old. It is quiet possible that the art developed from the ancient custom of making paper houses, furniture,vehicles, and servants, as well as paper money, as part of Chinese funeral rites. These colored paper symbols are still burned at Buddhist funerals so the dead person can live in earthly comfort in the next world.
     In the 7th century A.D paper folding was brought to Japan. The Japanese depeloved many of China's art and crafts into their own form of expression. They found new methods of folding paper into pretty forms and imagines and made origami a highly creative art.
     From a few simple folds the Japanese make things of great beauty and realism. Some are used as religious symbols to decorate the temples. Others are good-luck symbols, such as tortoise and lobster, which are used as ornaments fastened to gifts.

     It was Japanese magicians who introduced some of the magical charms of paper folding to the western world. They were so expert that in quick movement they could make a bird or an insect to surprised and delight the audience. In recent years origami has become the universal world for the art paper folding.

International Currency Codes

Here is the list of International Currency Codes :

Country	Capital	Currency Name	Code
Afghanistan	Kabul	Afghanistan Afghani	AFN
Albania	Tirana	Albanian Lek	ALL
Algeria	Algiers	Algerian Dinar	DZD
American Samoa	Pago Pago	US Dollar	USD
Andorra	Andorra	Euro	EUR
Angola	Luanda	Angolan Kwanza	AOA
Anguilla	The Valley	East Caribbean Dollar	XCD
Antarctica	None	East Caribbean Dollar	XCD
Antigua and Barbuda	St. Johns	East Caribbean Dollar	XCD
Argentina	Buenos Aires	Argentine Peso	ARS
Armenia	Yerevan	Armenian Dram	AMD
Aruba	Oranjestad	Aruban Guilder	AWG
Australia	Canberra	Australian Dollar	AUD
Austria	Vienna	Euro	EUR
Azerbaijan	Baku	Azerbaijan New Manat	AZN
Bahamas	Nassau	Bahamian Dollar	BSD
Bahrain	Al-Manamah	Bahraini Dinar	BHD
Bangladesh	Dhaka	Bangladeshi Taka	BDT
Barbados	Bridgetown	Barbados Dollar	BBD
Belarus	Minsk	Belarussian Ruble	BYR
Belgium	Brussels	Euro	EUR
Belize	Belmopan	Belize Dollar	BZD
Benin	Porto-Novo	CFA Franc BCEAO	XOF
Bermuda	Hamilton	Bermudian Dollar	BMD
Bhutan	Thimphu	Bhutan Ngultrum	BTN
Bolivia	La Paz	Boliviano	BOB
Bosnia-Herzegovina	Sarajevo	Marka	BAM
Botswana	Gaborone	Botswana Pula	BWP
Bouvet Island	None	Norwegian Krone	NOK
Brazil	Brasilia	Brazilian Real	BRL
British Indian Ocean Territory	None	US Dollar	USD
Brunei Darussalam	Bandar Seri Begawan	Brunei Dollar	BND
Bulgaria	Sofia	Bulgarian Lev	BGN
Burkina Faso	Ouagadougou	CFA Franc BCEAO	XOF
Burundi	Bujumbura	Burundi Franc	BIF
Cambodia	Phnom Penh	Kampuchean Riel	KHR
Cameroon	Yaounde	CFA Franc BEAC	XAF
Canada	Ottawa	Canadian Dollar	CAD
Cape Verde	Praia	Cape Verde Escudo	CVE
Cayman Islands	Georgetown	Cayman Islands Dollar	KYD
Central African Republic	Bangui	CFA Franc BEAC	XAF
Chad	N'Djamena	CFA Franc BEAC	XAF
Chile	Santiago	Chilean Peso	CLP
China	Beijing	Yuan Renminbi	CNY
Christmas Island	The Settlement	Australian Dollar	AUD
Cocos (Keeling) Islands	West Island	Australian Dollar	AUD
Colombia	Bogota	Colombian Peso	COP
Comoros	Moroni	Comoros Franc	KMF
Congo	Brazzaville	CFA Franc BEAC	XAF
Congo, Dem. Republic	Kinshasa	Francs	CDF
Cook Islands	Avarua	New Zealand Dollar	NZD
Costa Rica	San Jose	Costa Rican Colon	CRC
Croatia	Zagreb	Croatian Kuna	HRK
Cuba	Havana	Cuban Peso	CUP
Cyprus	Nicosia	Euro	EUR
Czech Rep.	Prague	Czech Koruna	CZK
Denmark	Copenhagen	Danish Krone	DKK
Djibouti	Djibouti	Djibouti Franc	DJF
Dominica	Roseau	East Caribbean Dollar	XCD
Dominican Republic	Santo Domingo	Dominican Peso	DOP
Ecuador	Quito	Ecuador Sucre	ECS
Egypt	Cairo	Egyptian Pound	EGP
El Salvador	San Salvador	El Salvador Colon	SVC
Equatorial Guinea	Malabo	CFA Franc BEAC	XAF
Eritrea	Asmara	Eritrean Nakfa	ERN
Estonia	Tallinn	Euro	EUR
Ethiopia	Addis Ababa	Ethiopian Birr	ETB
European Union	Brussels	Euro	EUR
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)	Stanley	Falkland Islands Pound	FKP
Faroe Islands	Torshavn	Danish Krone	DKK
Fiji	Suva	Fiji Dollar	FJD
Finland	Helsinki	Euro	EUR
France	Paris	Euro	EUR
French Guiana	Cayenne	Euro	EUR
French Southern Territories	None	Euro	EUR
Gabon	Libreville	CFA Franc BEAC	XAF
Gambia	Banjul	Gambian Dalasi	GMD
Georgia	Tbilisi	Georgian Lari	GEL
Germany	Berlin	Euro	EUR
Ghana	Accra	Ghanaian Cedi	GHS
Gibraltar	Gibraltar	Gibraltar Pound	GIP
Great Britain	London	Pound Sterling	GBP
Greece	Athens	Euro	EUR
Greenland	Godthab	Danish Krone	DKK
Grenada	St. George's	East Carribean Dollar	XCD
Guadeloupe (French)	Basse-Terre	Euro	EUR
Guam (USA)	Agana	US Dollar	USD
Guatemala	Guatemala City	Guatemalan Quetzal	QTQ
Guernsey	St. Peter Port	Pound Sterling	GGP
Guinea	Conakry	Guinea Franc	GNF
Guinea Bissau	Bissau	Guinea-Bissau Peso	GWP
Guyana	Georgetown	Guyana Dollar	GYD
Haiti	Port-au-Prince	Haitian Gourde	HTG
Heard Island and McDonald Islands	None	Australian Dollar	AUD
Honduras	Tegucigalpa	Honduran Lempira	HNL
Hong Kong	Victoria	Hong Kong Dollar	HKD
Hungary	Budapest	Hungarian Forint	HUF
Iceland	Reykjavik	Iceland Krona	ISK
India	New Delhi	Indian Rupee	INR
Indonesia	Jakarta	Indonesian Rupiah	IDR
Iran	Tehran	Iranian Rial	IRR
Iraq	Baghdad	Iraqi Dinar	IQD
Ireland	Dublin	Euro	EUR
Isle of Man	Douglas	Pound Sterling	GBP
Israel	Jerusalem	Israeli New Shekel	ILS
Italy	Rome	Euro	EUR
Ivory Coast	Abidjan	CFA Franc BCEAO	XOF
Jamaica	Kingston	Jamaican Dollar	JMD
Japan	Tokyo	Japanese Yen	JPY
Jersey	Saint Helier	Pound Sterling	GBP
Jordan	Amman	Jordanian Dinar	JOD
Kazakhstan	Astana	Kazakhstan Tenge	KZT
Kenya	Nairobi	Kenyan Shilling	KES
Kiribati	Tarawa	Australian Dollar	AUD
Korea-North	Pyongyang	North Korean Won	KPW
Korea-South	Seoul	Korean Won	KRW
Kuwait	Kuwait City	Kuwaiti Dinar	KWD
Kyrgyzstan	Bishkek	Som	KGS
Laos	Vientiane	Lao Kip	LAK
Latvia	Riga	Latvian Lats	LVL
Lebanon	Beirut	Lebanese Pound	LBP
Lesotho	Maseru	Lesotho Loti	LSL
Liberia	Monrovia	Liberian Dollar	LRD
Libya	Tripoli	Libyan Dinar	LYD
Liechtenstein	Vaduz	Swiss Franc	CHF
Lithuania	Vilnius	Lithuanian Litas	LTL
Luxembourg	Luxembourg	Euro	EUR
Macau	Macau	Macau Pataca	MOP
Macedonia	Skopje	Denar	MKD
Madagascar	Antananarivo	Malagasy Franc	MGF
Malawi	Lilongwe	Malawi Kwacha	MWK
Malaysia	Kuala Lumpur	Malaysian Ringgit	MYR
Maldives	Male	Maldive Rufiyaa	MVR
Mali	Bamako	CFA Franc BCEAO	XOF
Malta	Valletta	Euro	EUR
Marshall Islands	Majuro	US Dollar	USD
Martinique (French)	Fort-de-France	Euro	EUR
Mauritania	Nouakchott	Mauritanian Ouguiya	MRO
Mauritius	Port Louis	Mauritius Rupee	MUR
Mayotte	Dzaoudzi	Euro	EUR
Mexico	Mexico City	Mexican Nuevo Peso	MXN
Micronesia	Palikir	US Dollar	USD
Moldova	Kishinev	Moldovan Leu	MDL
Monaco	Monaco	Euro	EUR
Mongolia	Ulan Bator	Mongolian Tugrik	MNT
Montenegro	Podgorica	Euro	EUR
Montserrat	Plymouth	East Caribbean Dollar	XCD
Morocco	Rabat	Moroccan Dirham	MAD
Mozambique	Maputo	Mozambique Metical	MZN
Myanmar	Naypyidaw	Myanmar Kyat	MMK
Namibia	Windhoek	Namibian Dollar	NAD
Nauru	Yaren	Australian Dollar	AUD
Nepal	Kathmandu	Nepalese Rupee	NPR
Netherlands	Amsterdam	Euro	EUR
Netherlands Antilles	Willemstad	Netherlands Antillean Guilder	ANG
New Caledonia (French)	Noumea	CFP Franc	XPF
New Zealand	Wellington	New Zealand Dollar	NZD
Nicaragua	Managua	Nicaraguan Cordoba Oro	NIO
Niger	Niamey	CFA Franc BCEAO	XOF
Nigeria	Lagos	Nigerian Naira	NGN
Niue	Alofi	New Zealand Dollar	NZD
Norfolk Island	Kingston	Australian Dollar	AUD
Northern Mariana Islands	Saipan	US Dollar	USD
Norway	Oslo	Norwegian Krone	NOK
Oman	Muscat	Omani Rial	OMR
Pakistan	Islamabad	Pakistan Rupee	PKR
Palau	Koror	US Dollar	USD
Panama	Panama City	Panamanian Balboa	PAB
Papua New Guinea	Port Moresby	Papua New Guinea Kina	PGK
Paraguay	Asuncion	Paraguay Guarani	PYG
Peru	Lima	Peruvian Nuevo Sol	PEN
Philippines	Manila	Philippine Peso	PHP
Pitcairn Island	Adamstown	New Zealand Dollar	NZD
Poland	Warsaw	Polish Zloty	PLN
Polynesia (French)	Papeete	CFP Franc	XPF
Portugal	Lisbon	Euro	EUR
Puerto Rico	San Juan	US Dollar	USD
Qatar	Doha	Qatari Rial	QAR
Reunion (French)	Saint-Denis	Euro	EUR
Romania	Bucharest	Romanian New Leu	RON
Russia	Moscow	Russian Ruble	RUB
Rwanda	Kigali	Rwanda Franc	RWF
Saint Helena	Jamestown	St. Helena Pound	SHP
Saint Kitts & Nevis Anguilla	Basseterre	East Caribbean Dollar	XCD
Saint Lucia	Castries	East Caribbean Dollar	XCD
Saint Pierre and Miquelon	St. Pierre	Euro	EUR
Saint Vincent & Grenadines	Kingstown	East Caribbean Dollar	XCD
Samoa	Apia	Samoan Tala	WST
San Marino	San Marino	Euro	EUR
Sao Tome and Principe	Sao Tome	Dobra	STD
Saudi Arabia	Riyadh	Saudi Riyal	SAR
Senegal	Dakar	CFA Franc BCEAO	XOF
Serbia	Belgrade	Dinar	RSD
Seychelles	Victoria	Seychelles Rupee	SCR
Sierra Leone	Freetown	Sierra Leone Leone	SLL
Singapore	Singapore	Singapore Dollar	SGD
Slovakia	Bratislava	Euro	EUR
Slovenia	Ljubljana	Euro	EUR
Solomon Islands	Honiara	Solomon Islands Dollar	SBD
Somalia	Mogadishu	Somali Shilling	SOS
South Africa	Pretoria	South African Rand	ZAR
South Georgia & South Sandwich Islands	None	Pound Sterling	GBP
South Sudan	Ramciel	South Sudan Pound	SSP
Spain	Madrid	Euro	EUR
Sri Lanka	Colombo	Sri Lanka Rupee	LKR
Sudan	Khartoum	Sudanese Pound	SDG
Suriname	Paramaribo	Surinam Dollar	SRD
Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands	Longyearbyen	Norwegian Krone	NOK
Swaziland	Mbabane	Swaziland Lilangeni	SZL
Sweden	Stockholm	Swedish Krona	SEK
Switzerland	Bern	Swiss Franc	CHF
Syria	Damascus	Syrian Pound	SYP
Taiwan	Taipei	Taiwan Dollar	TWD
Tajikistan	Dushanbe	Tajik Somoni	TJS
Tanzania	Dodoma	Tanzanian Shilling	TZS
Thailand	Bangkok	Thai Baht	THB
Togo	Lome	CFA Franc BCEAO	XOF
Tokelau	None	New Zealand Dollar	NZD
Tonga	Nuku'alofa	Tongan Pa'anga	TOP
Trinidad and Tobago	Port of Spain	Trinidad and Tobago Dollar	TTD
Tunisia	Tunis	Tunisian Dollar	TND
Turkey	Ankara	Turkish Lira	TRY
Turkmenistan	Ashgabat	Manat	TMT
Turks and Caicos Islands	Grand Turk	US Dollar	USD
Tuvalu	Funafuti	Australian Dollar	AUD
U.K.	London	Pound Sterling	GBP
Uganda	Kampala	Uganda Shilling	UGX
Ukraine	Kiev	Ukraine Hryvnia	UAH
United Arab Emirates	Abu Dhabi	Arab Emirates Dirham	AED
Uruguay	Montevideo	Uruguayan Peso	UYU
USA	Washington	US Dollar	USD
USA Minor Outlying Islands	None	US Dollar	USD
Uzbekistan	Tashkent	Uzbekistan Sum	UZS
Vanuatu	Port Vila	Vanuatu Vatu	VUV
Vatican	Vatican City	Euro	EUR
Venezuela	Caracas	Venezuelan Bolivar	VEF
Vietnam	Hanoi	Vietnamese Dong	VND
Virgin Islands (British)	Road Town	US Dollar	USD
Virgin Islands (USA)	Charlotte Amalie	US Dollar	USD
Wallis and Futuna Islands	Mata-Utu	CFP Franc	XPF
Western Sahara	El Aaiun	Moroccan Dirham	MAD
Yemen	San'a	Yemeni Rial	YER
Zambia	Lusaka	Zambian Kwacha	ZMW
Zimbabwe	Harare	Zimbabwe Dollar	ZWD

Capital Cities in The World

Here are list of Capital Cities in the world :

 

Afghanistan - Kabul

Albania - Tirane
Algeria - Algiers
Andorra - Andorra la Vella
Angola - Luanda
Antigua and Barbuda - Saint John's
Argentina - Buenos Aires
Armenia - Yerevan
Australia - Canberra
Austria - Vienna
Azerbaijan - Baku
The Bahamas - Nassau
Bahrain - Manama
Bangladesh - Dhaka
Barbados - Bridgetown
Belarus - Minsk
Belgium - Brussels
Belize - Belmopan
Benin - Porto-Novo
Bhutan - Thimphu
Bolivia - La Paz (administrative) Sucre (judicial)
Bosnia and Herzegovina - Sarajevo
Botswana - Gaborone
Brazil - Brasilia
Brunei - Bandar Seri Begawan
Bulgaria - Sofia
Burkina Faso – Ouagadougou
Burundi - Bujumbura
Cambodia - Phnom Penh
Cameroon - Yaounde
Canada - Ottawa
Cape Verde - Praia
Central African Republic - Bangui
Chad - N'Djamena
Chile - Santiago
China - Beijing
Colombia - Bogota
Comoros - Moroni
Congo, Republic of the - Brazzaville
Congo, Democratic Republic of the - Kinshasa
Costa Rica - San Jose
Cote d'Ivoire - Yamoussoukro (official) Abidjan (de facto)
Croatia - Zagreb
Cuba - Havana
Cyprus - Nicosia
Czech Republic - Prague
Denmark - Copenhagen
Djibouti - Djibouti
Dominica - Roseau
Dominican Republic - Santo Domingo
East Timor - Dili
Ecuador - Quito
Egypt - Cairo
El Salvador - San Salvador
England (U.K.) - London
Equatorial Guinea - Malabo
Eritrea - Asmara
Estonia - Tallinn
Ethiopia - Addis Ababa
Fiji - Suva
Finland - Helsinki
France - Paris
Gabon - Libreville
The Gambia - Banjul
Georgia - Tbilisi
Germany - Berlin
Ghana - Accra
Greece - Athens
Grenada - Saint George's
Guatemala - Guatemala City
Guinea - Conakry
Guinea-Bissau - Bissau
Guyana - Georgetown
Haiti - Port-au-Prince
Honduras - Tegucigalpa
Hungary - Budapest
Iceland - Reykjavik
India - New Delhi
Indonesia - Jakarta
Iran - Tehran
Iraq - Baghdad
Ireland - Dublin
Israel - Jerusalem
Italy - Rome
Jamaica - Kingston
Japan - Tokyo
Jordan – Amman
Kazakhstan - Astana
Kenya - Nairobi
Kiribati - Tarawa
Korea, North - Pyongyang
Korea, South - Seoul
Kuwait - Kuwait City
Kyrgyzstan - Bishtek
Laos - Vientiane
Latvia - Riga
Lebanon - Beirut
Lesotho - Maseru
Liberia - Monrovia
Libya - Tripoli
Liechtenstein - Vaduz
Lithuania - Vilnius
Luxembourg - Luxembourg
Macedonia - Skopje
Madagascar - Antananarivo
Malawi - Lilongwe
Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur
Maldives - Male
Mali - Bamako
Malta - Valletta
Marshall Islands - Majuro
Mauritania - Nouakchott
Mauritius - Port Louis
Mexico - Mexico City
Federated States of Micronesia - Palikir
Moldova - Chisinau
Monaco - Monaco
Mongolia - Ulaanbaatar
Montenegro - Podgorica
Morocco - Rabat
Mozambique - Maputo
Myanmar (Burma) - Rangoon but moving to Pyinmana
Namibia - Windhoek
Nauru - no official capital; government offices in Yaren District
Nepal - Kathmandu
Netherlands - Amsterdam
New Zealand - Wellington
Nicaragua - Managua
Niger - Niamey
Nigeria – Abuja
Northern Ireland (U.K.) - Belfast
Norway - Oslo
Oman – Muscat
Pakistan - Islamabad
Palau - Koror
Panama - Panama City
Papua New Guinea - Port Moresby
Paraguay - Asuncion
Peru - Lima
Philippines - Manila
Poland - Warsaw
Portugal - Lisbon
Qatar - Doha
Romania - Bucharest
Russia - Moscow
Rwanda - Kigali
Saint Kitts and Nevis - Basseterre
Saint Lucia - Castries
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines - Kingstown
Samoa - Apia
San Marino - San Marino
Sao Tome and Principe - Sao Tome
Saudi Arabia - Riyadh
Scotland (U.K.) - Edinburgh
Senegal - Dakar
Serbia and Montenegro - Belgrade
Seychelles - Victoria
Sierra Leone - Freetown
Singapore - Singapore
Slovakia - Bratislava
Slovenia - Ljubljana
Solomon Islands - Honiara
Somalia - Mogadishu
South Africa - Pretoria (administrative) Cape Town (legislative) Bloemfontein (judiciary)
Spain - Madrid
Sri Lanka - Colombo
Sudan - Khartoum
Suriname - Paramaribo
Swaziland - Mbabana
Sweden - Stockholm
Switzerland - Bern
Syria - Damascus
Taiwan - Taipei
Tajikistan - Dushanbe
Tanzania - Dar es Salaam
Thailand - Bangkok
Togo - Lome
Tonga - Nuku'alofa
Trinidad and Tobago - Port-of-Spain
Tunisia - Tunis
Turkey - Ankara
Turkmenistan - Ashgabat
Tuvalu - Funafuti
Uganda - Kampala
Ukraine - Kiev
United Arab Emirates - Abu Dhabi
United Kingdom - London
United States - Washington D.C.
Uruguay - Montevideo
Uzbekistan - Tashkent
Vanuatu - Port-Vila
Vatican City (Holy See) - Vatican City
Venezuela - Caracas
Vietnam – Hanoi
Wales (U.K.) - Cardiff
Yemen - Sanaa
Zaire - Kinshasa
Zambia - Lusaka
Zimbabwe - Harare

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